A study on drug and pharmaceutical pollution in rivers around the world has collected water samples from around the world, including Delhi and Hyderabad. In India, 21,000 nanograms per liter is the second most widely used drug for diabetes. Residues of diabetes, epilepsy, epilepsy and painkillers have been found in river samples. Which is dangerous for our situation and public health. It is a study to find and measure the residue of pharmaceuticals in these rivers. Rivers in low-income countries have the highest levels of pharmaceutical pollution with large pharmaceutical production potentials, but environmental regulation is very lax. The study assessed 258 rivers around the world to measure the presence of 61 types of drugs, such as carvamazopine, metamorphine and caffeine.
Of the rivers studied, rivers in 36 countries have never been monitored for pharmaceuticals before. In the remote Venezuelan village of Yanomami, where no modern medicine is consumed, the average concentration of total active drug residue or pharmaceutical ingredients is zero in the samples. While in London its quantity is 3,080 nanograms per liter, in Delhi it is 46,700 and in Lahore it is 70,700. John Bilkison, an environmental researcher at York University in the United Kingdom who led the study, said: Where he can influence living things. So far, almost all studies have focused on North America, Europe and China.
The study states that pharmaceutical pollution pollutes the water of every continent. There is a strong link between the social and economic status of a country and the high levels of ferrous substances in its river. Rivers in low- and middle-income countries are the most polluted. High levels of pharmaceutical pollution have been found to be linked to middle-aged areas as well as high local unemployment and poverty rates. The most polluted countries and regions in the world are the ones with the least research. This is confirmed by 34 parts of sub-Saharan Africa, South America and South Asia. Most of the medicinal pollution is due to dumping and dumping of garbage on the river banks and lack of basic facilities for disposal of waste as well as dumping of waste from waste tanks into the river.
Wilkinson and his colleagues, along with scientists from the Indian Experimental Institute Delhi and Hyderabad, have analyzed the fraction of drugs in samples from 1,052 sample sites in 258 rivers in 104 countries, including the Yamuna River in Delhi and the Krishna and Musi rivers in Hyderabad. Her study found that four drugs, caffeine, nicotine, paracetamol, and cotinine, are by-products of tobacco, all of which are elements of a lifestyle or stimulant compound. It includes samples from all continents, including Antarctica.
In addition to stimulants such as fafin and nicotine, other drugs including analgesics, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antidiabetic, antiallergic and cardiovascular drugs vita blockers have been found in the Indian sample. This is not to say that there is no research and monitoring of this in our own environment, but what about our rivers being untouched?
India has the second highest concentration of diabetes medicine in the world at 21,000 nanograms per liter after Bolivia's 25,400. That compares with 1,550 for diabetes in the United Kingdom and 635 in the United States. The researchers said that at least a quarter of the samples collected worldwide were found to contain residues of drugs that were above safe levels for aquatic organisms. However, no direct evidence of human damage from such pollution has been found. Scientists are concerned that if the amount of medicine in the body of aquatic organisms consumed by the human community for food reaches the level required by humans, it could affect public health.
High levels of antibiotics in the environment can also increase drug resistance to germs. Ciprofloxacin has been found beyond safe limits in 64 locations worldwide. A drug called metronidazole was found in Barisal, Bangladesh, three hundred times higher than the safe limit. The study found that high-income countries have the highest drug concentrations. Researchers have suggested that this may be because low- and low-income countries have infrastructure to treat wastewater. But low-income countries have more access to medicine than their population. However, even in low-income countries, wastewater treatment facilities are poor and there is no access to and purchase of medicines, which reduces the concentration of medicines.
Researchers suggest that in the future, his approach could be extended to include other ecological resources, such as sedimentary soils and biota, and to establish a global base data bank on pollution.
Based on the information obtained from the above study research, it can be said that our rivers are polluted due to other industrial wastes. Similarly, they will be polluted by medicinal and medical waste, which will ultimately harm the public health, aquatic organisms and ecosystems. At a time when the world community is concerned about mitigating the negative effects of climate change, the question is whether it is time for the official body to take preventive action and regulate and regulate, or for entrepreneurs to take professional responsibility.
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